The alteration of a photograph to change its content or appearance beyond standard retouching. Includes compositing multiple images, replacing or removing background elements, adding or removing objects, and creating stylized or surreal effects. In commercial photography, manipulation is used for ghost mannequin compositing, background replacement, and product composite imagery. Distinguished from retouching by the degree of change to the original image content.
Ghost Mannequin
Also called invisible mannequin or hollow man technique. A post-production method where garments photographed on a physical mannequin or dressed on a model are composited in editing to remove the mannequin, creating the illusion that the garment is worn by an invisible figure. The technique gives clothing a 3D, natural shape that flat lay photography cannot achieve, at a fraction of the cost of live model photography. Ghost mannequin is the standard image format for fashion on Zalando and many premium apparel marketplaces.
Photo Retouching
The process of editing a photograph to remove imperfections, adjust lighting, improve color accuracy, and enhance the visual quality of the subject while maintaining a realistic, credible appearance. In product photography, retouching removes dust, scratches, and manufacturing defects from product images. In beauty and fashion photography, it addresses skin texture, lighting inconsistencies, and garment presentation.
Background Removal
The process of digitally erasing the original background from a product photo and replacing it with a solid white, transparent, or custom background. Background removal is the most common post-production service in e-commerce photography, required by Amazon, Shopify, eBay, and most major marketplaces for main product images.
The alteration of a photograph to change its content or appearance beyond standard retouching. Includes compositing multiple images, replacing or removing background elements, adding or removing objects, and creating stylized or surreal effects. In commercial photography, manipulation is used for ghost mannequin compositing, background replacement, and product composite imagery. Distinguished from retouching by the degree of change to the original image content.
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